Pareto Principle - Overview, Applications and Uses, Benefits

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The Pareto principle, commonly referred to as the 80/20 rule, suggests that 80% of results/outcomes will result from 20% of the actions/inputs ... Home›Resources›Knowledge›Economics›ParetoPrinciple ParetoPrinciple The80/20Rule Writtenby CFITeam UpdatedMay11,2021 WhatistheParetoPrinciple? TheParetoprinciple,alsoknownasthe80/20rule,wasoneofVilfredoPareto’smostnoteworthytheories,whichfoundthat80%ofoutcomesoftencomefrom20%oftherelatedinputs.ParetowasanItalianeconomistinthe19thand20thcenturieswhohelpeddevelopmoderneconomicsasweknowittoday. ParetofirstsawthesituationwhenevaluatingincomedistributioninItaly,wherehesawthat80%ofthecountry’sincomewenttoonly20%ofthepopulation.Histheorystretchesfarbeyondjustincomeandcanbefoundthroughoutmanybusinessandconsumerfields. Asawhole,thetheorysuggeststhatmanyaspectsoflifearenotdistributedevenly.TheParetoprincipleisalsoreferredtoasthe“vitalfew”and“usefulmany.” Summary TheParetoprinciple,commonlyreferredtoasthe80/20rule,suggeststhat80%ofresults/outcomeswillresultfrom20%oftheactions/inputsthatcanbeassociatedwithit. Therulecanbeviewedintwoways,eitherthevitalfew,whichasmallnumber(20%)offactorsresultinthevastmajority(80%)ofresultsortheusefulmanythatfindthatmanysourcesaccountforasmallnumberofresults. TheParetoprincipleisananalyticaltooltohelporganizethoughtsanddevelopsolutionstobusinessandconsumerproblems. PracticalApplications TheParetoprinciplecanbeseenacrossmanysectorsofbusinessandwithinconsumerism.Belowareafewexamplesofwhereitmightbefound: 80%oftheworkinagroupprojectisdoneby20%ofthegroup 80%ofrevenuescomefrom20%oftheproducts 80%ofenginefailurescomefrom20%ofpossiblecauses ImportanceoftheParetoPrinciple TheParetoprincipleisahelpfulruleofthumbwhentryingtooptimizetheallocationofresources.Thecorrectdistributionofresourcescanmakeasignificantdifferenceintheefficiencyandprofitabilityofabusiness. Forexample,thinkaboutifanewCEOishiredtoboostclientretentionforasmallbusiness.If80%ofthereasontheirclientsareleavingiscausedby20%ofthepossibleproblems,itwouldbeano-brainertofocusonthefirst20%. The80/20ruleisagreatdecision-makingtooltohelpoptimizeresourceallocationforabusiness.Ithelpsorganizethethoughtprocessandmakemuchmoreeducateddecisions. Therulealsoplaysintothelawofdiminishingmarginalreturn/benefit.Keepingallelseequal,whentheconsumptionofinputsincreases,themarginalbenefitofeachadditionaloutputwilldecrease. BenefitsandLimitations TheParetoprincipleoffersseveralbenefits,mostlysurroundingtheanalysisthatitcanbeusedfor.Itcanhelpanalyzeproblemswithinacompany,organizethethoughtsbehindthem,andprovidethemosteffectivesolutions. AnimportantnotetorememberwhenthinkingabouttheParetoprincipleisthatitismerelyaruleofthumbandnotahardlawthatisalwaysfollowed. OtherRelatedParetoTheories Paretoanalysisisananalyticaltoolusedtoaiddecision-making.Itisastatisticalapproachtorankproblemswithinabusinessandusesthedatatomakedecisions.Paretodiagramsandtablescanbeusedtohelpvisualizethefindings.ThefindingswilloftenresembletheParetoprincipleaseither: TheVitalFew:Asmallnumberofinputsleadtoalargemajorityoftheoutputs. TheUsefulMany:Alargenumberofinputsleadtoasmallpartoftheentireproblem. OthersimilartheoriesdevelopedbyVilfredoParetoincludeParetoefficiency,Paretoinefficiency,andParetoimprovement.AllofwhichrelatetotheProduction-PossibilitiesFrontier.AnypointonthefrontierthatisParetoinefficientwillenjoytheopportunityofaParetoimprovementtomovetowardsParetoefficiency. MoreResources CFIistheofficialprovideroftheCertifiedBanking&CreditAnalyst(CBCA)®certificationprogram,designedtotransformanyoneintoaworld-classfinancialanalyst. Tokeeplearninganddevelopingyourknowledgeoffinancialanalysis,wehighlyrecommendtheadditionalresourcesbelow: ParetoAnalysis AllocationalEfficiency ParetoImprovement PointofDiminishingReturns FinancialAnalystCertification BecomeacertifiedFinancialModelingandValuationAnalyst (FMVA)®bycompletingCFI’sonlinefinancialmodelingclasses! 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