幼兒的特色疾病(四) ~疱疹性口腔齒齦炎

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所謂疱疹性口腔齒齦炎,是一種由單純疱疹病毒感染所引起口腔黏膜潰瘍的病症,多盛行在5 歲以下的幼童。

臨床上,初期也許與腸病毒的咽峽炎有些不易區分, ... 關於基金會 歷年工作報告 最新消息 醫師專欄 出版衛教書籍 醫師的故事 我要捐款 聯絡我們 最新消息 2022年9月年輕醫學生認識癌症關懷生命學習成長營 2022年醫學生暑期參與癌症相關活動補助辦法 暑期醫學生成長營延期公告 2022乳癌國際研討會 2021年醫學生暑期參與癌症相關活動補助辦法 2021年醫學生暑期參與癌症相關活動補助辦法 20201128暑期研究成果發表分享會 20201031認識安寧緩和療護學習營活動圓滿結束~ 台灣醫師小故事(二)~胡瑞恆醫師 台灣醫師小故事(一)~吳佳璇醫師 你不知道的DNR~影片拍攝完成 大地之愛癌症基金會拍攝勵志系列影片(二)~胡瑞恆醫師 新書上架~兒科門診常見問題與疾病(二) 新書上架~兒科門診常見問題與疾病(二) 大地之愛癌症基金會拍攝勵志系列影片首部曲~吳佳璇醫師 《兒科門診常見問題與疾病》 醫師專欄 幼兒的特色疾病(四)~疱疹性口腔齒齦炎 交流分享 &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp惠心婦幼診所小兒科主治醫生許振東醫師&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp口述&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp文字工作者&nbsp陳亞南&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp執筆 &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp親愛的許醫師:您好! &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp請問什麼是疱疹性口腔齒齦炎?跟幼童的口腔衛生有關係嗎? &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp陪小孩刷牙時,我發現我的小孩嘴巴破了、牙齦也有破洞,我細追想,才恍然為何小孩一咬東西就哭說嘴巴痛,後來我摸摸小孩的額頭有些發燒感覺。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp帶她去看醫師,醫師仔細檢查後說多喝水就好。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp我很不放心,因為小孩一直發燒,而且嘴巴會痛,所以再多跟醫師嘮叨了很多,醫師又給了些退燒止痛藥備用。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp許醫師,疱疹性口腔齒齦炎不會嚴重嗎?看到孩子哭,我也要哭了。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp請您說明分析好嗎?我實在有些擔心。

謝謝您了。

&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp病童的媽媽上&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp大家好! &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp根據來信病童母親的主述,病童嘴巴破、發高燒,這些症狀出現,臨床上很快能確診為「疱疹性口腔齒齦炎」。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp這個病症約七至十天就會痊癒,通常沒有什麼併發症或後遺症。

&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbspㄧ、何謂&nbsp「疱疹性口腔齒銀炎」 &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp所謂疱疹性口腔齒齦炎,是一種由單純疱疹病毒感染所引起口腔黏膜潰瘍的病症,多盛行在5歲以下的幼童。

臨床上,初期也許與腸病毒的咽峽炎有些不易區分,但是在病症特徵出現後,就很快能確診為疱疹性口腔齒齦炎。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp那麼臨床上,疱疹性口腔齒齦炎有哪些病症特徵呢?&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp二、疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的特色症狀 &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的感染,屬於接觸性的口沫傳染,同時傳染力強。

通常是由於幼童亂摸亂咬亂吃,病從口入,因而使得病毒直接帶給幼童。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp疱疹性口腔齒齦炎是常見有特色的嬰幼兒疾病,它的特色症狀為: &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp1、發高燒&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp臨床上,疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的病童會發燒3到5天,有些可長達一周,體溫可達39至40℃,有時比腸病毒感染的發燒時間還要長。

&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp2、口腔潰瘍與牙齦發炎 &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp臨床上,得到疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的病童嘴巴會破,所以初期容易跟腸病毒感染的咽峽炎混淆。

只是腸病毒的口腔水泡或潰瘍主要分布在口腔的後半部,包括懸雍垂附近的軟顎處,所以病童會感到喉嚨痛與吞嚥困難。

而疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的口腔潰瘍,則主要分布在口腔的前半部,包括嘴唇黏膜,與牙齦紅腫,但是口腔後半部通常沒有受到影響,或侵犯有限。

&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的幼童,因為牙齦紅腫發炎,容易碰觸就流血;同時因為口腔發炎壞死的細胞累積而大多有明顯的口臭,建議家長在這一段時間內暫時讓病童不要用力刷牙,利用多漱口、多喝水來改善口腔的異味。

&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp三、&nbsp疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的診治 &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp疱疹性口腔齒齦炎是一種病毒性感染,特徵出現後可以很快確診,雖然目前臨床上有對抗單純疱疹病毒的藥物可以使用,但是由於需要的劑量大且服用的次數頻繁(一天需要五次),加上必須自費使用(此病症使用抗病毒的藥物不符合健保的使用規定),因此除非有特別考量外,例如病童有特殊疾病等,臨床診治上多採取症狀療法,一般用些退燒藥、止痛藥,療程約一個星期左右。

&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp病童會因為嘴巴疼痛而不願進食,此時需要注意是否會導致脫水。

建議家長在治療中多鼓勵病童補充水分。

若是病童願意用吸管喝東西,可以減少這方面的擔心。

&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp最後還要再次叮嚀:疱疹性口腔齒齦炎的病毒傳染力強,治療上多採取症狀療法,為全家人的健康生活著想,病童、家長及照顧者都需要勤洗手,避免疱疹病毒感染。

&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp衛生習慣好,病毒自然跑。

祝福所有的小朋友健康快樂。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ 作者資歷 許振東醫師 台大醫院小兒過敏免疫風溼科研究員 永和耕莘醫院小兒科主治醫師 中華民國小兒科專科醫師 中華民國免疫學會專科醫師惠心婦幼診所小兒科主治醫師 陳亞南 一個生長在台灣,罹癌後依然微笑,依著自己信念生活的女子,喜歡工作,喜歡寫作,也喜歡旅遊。

經營了很多文字和畫作,出版過的散文集有:《尋訪大陸美麗山水》、《閑閑走走──台灣小旅行》、《拾穗人生》、《人間有愛》、《和自己相遇》、《荷風清恬》、《猶有溫婉》、《靜對滿天星》等。

曾獲洪建全兒童文學少年小說首獎、教育部文藝創作散文獎、全國文學報導文學獎、梁實秋文學創作獎等國內多項重要文學獎項。

2016-12-0218:39:25 惠心婦幼診所小兒科主治醫生許振東醫師 TOP BACK 關於基金會 | 歷年工作報告 | 最新消息 | 醫師專欄 | 出版書籍 | 醫生的故事 | 我要捐款 | 聯絡我們 | 活動花絮 Copyright2020©財團法人大地之愛癌症基金會.AllRightsReserved. 台北市中正區中山南路7號|WebsiteDesign&HostedByLyonsDigitalTechnology. 活動花絮



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