Street performance - Wikipedia

Street performance or busking is the act of performing in public places for gratuities. In many countries, the rewards are generally in the form of money ... Streetperformance FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Performinginpublicplacesforgratuities "Busking"redirectshere.Forotheruses,seeBusking(disambiguation). "Streetmusic"and"Streetsinger"redirecthere.Forotheruses,seeStreetMusicandStreetsinger(disambiguation). ForthefundraisingpledgesystemalsoknownastheStreetPerformerProtocol,seeThresholdpledgesystem. JeffMasin,aone-manbandinNewYorkCity Streetperformanceorbuskingistheactofperforminginpublicplacesforgratuities.Inmanycountries,therewardsaregenerallyintheformofmoneybutothergratuitiessuchasfood,drinkorgiftsmaybegiven.Streetperformanceispracticedallovertheworldanddatesbacktoantiquity.PeopleengaginginthispracticearecalledstreetperformersorbuskersintheUnitedKingdom.OutsideofNewYork,buskersisnotatermgenerallyusedinAmericanEnglish.[1][2] Performancesareanythingthatpeoplefindentertaining,includingacrobatics,animaltricks,balloontwisting,caricatures,clowning,comedy,contortions,escapology,dance,singing,fireskills,fleacircus,fortune-telling,juggling,magic,mime,livingstatue,musicalperformance,puppeteering,snakecharming,storytellingorrecitingpoetryorprose,streetartsuchassketchingandpainting,streettheatre,swordswallowing,ventriloquismandwashboarding. Contents 1Etymology 2History 3Forms 3.1Collectingmoney 3.2Pitches 4Legislation 5Notableperformers 6Gallery 7Seealso 8References 9Externallinks Etymology[edit] ThetermbuskingwasfirstnotedintheEnglishlanguagearoundthemiddle1860sinGreatBritain.Theverbtobusk,fromthewordbusker,comesfromtheSpanishrootwordbuscar,withthemeaning"toseek".[3]TheSpanishwordbuscarinturnevolvedfromtheIndo-Europeanword*bhudh-skō("towin,conquer").[4]Itwasusedformanystreetacts,andwasthetitleofafamousSpanishbookaboutoneofthem,ElBuscón.Today,thewordisstillusedinSpanishbutmostlyreservedforfemalestreetsexworkers,ormistressesofmarriedmen.[citationneeded] History[edit] 1855paintingofastreetmusician,OPobreRabequista(ThePoorRabecaPlayer),byJoséRodriguesAnorgangrinderinParis,photographedbyEugèneAtget,c. 1898–99 Therehavebeenperformancesinpublicplacesforgratuitiesineverymajorcultureintheworld,datingbacktoantiquity.Formanymusicians,streetperformancewasthemostcommonmeansofemploymentbeforetheadventofrecordingandpersonalelectronics.[5]Priortothat,apersonhadtoproduceanymusicorentertainment,saveforafewmechanicaldevicessuchasthebarrelorgan,themusicbox,andthepianoroll.Organgrinderswerecommonlyfoundbuskingintheolddays. BuskingiscommonamongsomeRomanipeople.RomanticmentionofRomanimusic,dancersandfortunetellersarefoundinallformsofsongpoetry,proseandlore.TheRomabroughtthewordbuskingtoEnglandbywayoftheirtravelsalongtheMediterraneancoasttoSpainandtheAtlanticOceanandthenupnorthtoEnglandandtherestofEurope.[citationneeded] InmedievalFrance,buskerswereknownbythetermstroubadoursandjongleurs.InnorthernFrance,theywereknownastrouveres.InoldGerman,buskerswereknownasMinnesingersandSpielleute.InobsoleteFrench,itevolvedtobusquerfor"seek,prowl"andwasgenerallyusedtodescribeprostitutes.InRussia,buskersarecalledskomorokh,andtheirfirstrecordedhistoryappearsaroundthe11thcentury.[citationneeded] Mariachis,Mexicanbandsthatplayastyleofmusicbythesamename,frequentlybuskwhentheyperformwhiletravelingthroughstreetsandplazas,aswellasinrestaurantsandbars.[6] Welikeplayingforbigcrowds,andthegoalallalonghasbeenforpeopletopayalittletocomeandseeus.Butitallstartedonstreetcorners,andthatisstillveryconnectedtowhatwedo.It'ssuchavalidatingmusicalexperience.Buskingisaveryhumbleandbraveactthattakescouragetodowell.It'salsoabouttheenergyofmusicbeingaliveoutsideinacity...Youcanwalkrightbyitrightinfrontofyou.Sure,tosomepeopleyou'rejustanotherguywithhishandout,sosometimesbuskingcanbegreatsocialbarometer.You'reabletogaugewhoyoulivewithonearth.[7] KetchSecor,OldCrowMedicineShow Aroundthemid-19thcenturyJapaneseChindonyastartedtobeseenusingtheirskillsforadvertising,andthesestreetperformersarestilloccasionallyseeninJapan.AnotherJapanesestreetperformanceformdatingfromtheEdoperiodisNankinTamasudare,inwhichtheperformercreateslargefiguresusingabamboomat. IViggianesi,streetmusiciansfromViggiano,Italy.WorkbyFilippoPalizzi,1853 Inthe19thcentury,Italianstreetmusicians(mainlyfromLiguria,EmiliaRomagna,Basilicata)begantoroamworldwideinsearchoffortune.MusiciansfromBasilicata,especiallytheso-calledViggianesi,wouldlaterbecomeprofessionalinstrumentalistsinsymphonicorchestras,especiallyintheUnitedStates.[8]ThestreetmusiciansfromBasilicataaresometimescitedasaninfluenceonHectorMalot'sSansFamille.[9] IntheUnitedStates,medicineshowsproliferatedinthe19thcentury.Theyweretravelingvendorssellingelixirsandpotionstoimprovethehealth.Theywouldoftenemployentertainmentactsasawayofmakingtheclientsfeelbetter.Thepeoplewouldoftenassociatethisfeelingofwell-beingwiththeproductssold.Aftertheseperformances,theywould"passthehat".[citationneeded] One-manbandshavehistoricallyperformedasbuskersplayingavarietyofinstrumentssimultaneously.One-manbandsproliferatedinurbanareasinthe19thandearly20thcenturiesandstillperformtothisday.Acurrentone-manbandplaysalltheirinstrumentsacousticallyusuallycombiningaguitar,aharmonica,adrumandatambourine.Theymayalsoincludesinging.Manystillbuskbutsomearebookedtoplayatfestivalsandotherevents.[citationneeded] Folkmusichasalwaysbeenanimportantpartofthebuskingscene.Cafe,restaurant,barandpubbuskingisamainstayofthisartform.ThedeltabluesmenweremostlyitinerantmusiciansemanatingfromtheMississippiDeltaregionoftheUSAaroundtheearly1940sandon.B.B.Kingisonefamousexamplewhocamefromtheseroots.[citationneeded] DancersinSuttonHighStreet,Sutton,London,England Thecountercultureofthehippiesofthe1960soccasionallystaged"be-ins",whichresembledsomepresent-daybuskersfestivals.Bandsandperformerswouldgatheratpublicplacesandperformforfree,passingthehattomakemoney.TheSanFranciscoBayAreawasattheepicenterofthismovement–be-inswerestagedatGoldenGateParkandSanJose'sBeeStadiumandothervenues.SomeofthebandsthatperformedinthismannerwereJanisJoplinwithBigBrotherandtheHoldingCompany,theGratefulDead,JeffersonAirplane,QuicksilverMessengerService,CountryJoeandtheFish,MobyGrapeandJimiHendrix.[citationneeded] Christmascarolingcanalsobeaformofbusking,aswassailingincludedsingingforalms,wassailorsomeotherformofrefreshmentsuchasfiggypudding.IntheRepublicofIreland,thetraditionalWrenBoys,andinEnglandMorrisDancingcanbeconsideredpartofthebuskingtradition.[citationneeded] InIndiaandPakistan'sGujaratiregion,Bhavaiisaformofstreetartwherethereareplaysenactedinthevillage,thebarotorthevillagesingeralsoispartofthelocalentertainmentscene.[citationneeded] Inthe2000s,someperformershavebegun"CyberBusking".ArtistspostworkorperformancesontheInternetforpeopletodownloador"stream"andifpeoplelikeittheymakeadonationusingPayPal.[citationneeded] Forms[edit] Therearethreebasicformsofstreetperformance "Circleshows"areshowsthattendtogatheracrowdaroundthem.Theyusuallyhaveadistinctbeginningandend.Usuallythesearedoneinconjunctionwithstreettheatre,puppeteering,magicians,comedians,acrobats,jugglersandsometimesmusicians.Circleshowscanbethemostlucrative.Sometimesthecrowdsattractedcanbeverylarge.Agoodbuskerwillcontrolthecrowdsothepatronsdonotobstructfoottraffic. "Walk-byacts"aretypicallywherethebuskerperformsamusical,livingstatueorotheractthatdoesnothaveadistinctbeginningorend,andthepublicusuallywatchesforabrieftime.Awalk-byactmayturnintoacircleshowiftheactisunusualorverypopular. "Stoplightperformers"presenttheiractandgetcontributionsfromvehicleoccupantsonacrosswalkwhilethetrafficlightsarered.Avarietyofdisciplinescanbeusedinsuchaformat(juggling,breakdancing,evenmagictricks).Becauseoftheshortperiodoftimeavailabletothem,stoplightperformersmusthaveaverybrief,condensedroutine.ThisformisseenmorecommonlyinLatinAmericathanelsewhere. Collectingmoney[edit] TossjugglingstreetperformanceinDenmark Buskerscollectdonationsandtipsfromthepublicinavarietyofcontainersandbydifferentmethodsdependingonthetypeofbuskingtheyareperforming.Forwalk-byacts,theirinstrumentcaseoraspecialcanorboxisoftenused.Forcircleshowstheperformerwilltypicallycollectmoneyattheendoftheshow,althoughsomeperformerswillalsocollectduringtheshowtoensureallaudiencemembershavehadachancetoshowappreciationfortheirskills.Sometimesaperformerwillemployabottler,hatman,orpitchmantocollectmoneyfromtheaudience.ThetermbottlerisaBritishtermthatoriginatedfromtheuseofthetophalfofabottletocollectmoney.Thebottlehadaleatherflapinsertedinthebottleneckandaleatherpouchattached.Thisdesignallowedcoinstobeputinthebottlebutdidnotallowthemtoberemovedeasilywithoutthecoinsjinglingagainsttheglass.ThefirstuseofsuchcontrivanceswasrecordedbythefamousPunchandJudytroupeofpuppeteersinearlyVictoriantimes.[10]Bottlingitselfcanbeanartform,andthedifferencebetweenagoodandabadbottlercanbecrucialtotheamountofmoneyearnedonapitch.Agoodbottlerisabletoencourageaudiencememberstogivemoney.Abottlerusuallygetsacutofthemoneymadeonthepitch.Priortothe20thcentury,itwascommonforbuskerstouseatrainedmonkeyasabottler.Thatpracticehasdiminishedorceasedinmanycountriesduetochangesinsocialattitudesandanimalcontrollaws.However,somemodernbuskersuseadeviceknownasmonkeystickwhichisalongstickwithbottlecapsorsmallcymbalsattachedtomakeanoisebeforeashoworpriortomakingacollection. Pitches[edit] Theplacewhereaperformanceoccursiscalleda"pitch".Agoodpitchcanbethekeytosuccessasabusker.Anactthatmightmakemoneyatoneplaceandtimemaynotworkatallinanothersetting.Popularpitchestendtobepublicplaceswithlargevolumesofpedestriantraffic,highvisibility,lowbackgroundnoiseandasfewelementsofinterferenceaspossible.Goodlocationsmayincludetouristspots,popularparks,entertainmentdistrictsincludingmanyrestaurants,cafés,barsandpubsandtheaters,subwaysandbusstops,outsidetheentrancestolargeconcertsandsportingevents,almostanyplazaortownsquareaswellaszócalosinLatinAmericaandpiazzasinotherregions.Otherplacesincludeshoppingmalls,stripmalls,andoutsidesupermarkets,althoughpermissionisusuallyrequiredfrommanagementforthese. Inherbook,UndergroundHarmonies:MusicandPoliticsintheSubwaysofNewYork,SusieJ.Tanenbaumexaminedhowtheadage"Musichathcharmstosoothethesavagebeast"playsoutinregardstobusking.Hersociologicalstudiesshowedthatinareaswherebuskersregularlyperform,crimeratestendedtogodown,andthatthosewithhighereducationattainmenttendedtohaveamorepositiveviewofbuskersthandidthoseoflessereducationalattainment.[11]Somecitiesencouragebuskinginparticularareas,[12]givingpreferencetocitygovernment-approvedbuskersandevenpublishingschedulesofperformances.[13] ManycitiesintheUnitedStateshaveparticularareasknowntobepopularspotsforbuskers.PerformersarefoundatmanylocationslikeMallorySquareinKeyWest,inNewOrleans,inNewYorkaroundCentralPark,WashingtonSquare,andthesubwaysystems,inSanFrancisco,inWashington,D.C.aroundthetransitcenters,inLosAngelesaroundVeniceBeach,theSantaMonicaThirdStreetPromenade,andtheHollywoodarea,inChicagoonMaxwellStreet,intheDelmarLoopdistrictofSt.Louis,andmanyotherlocationsthroughouttheUS. BuskingisstillquitecommoninScotland,Ireland,andEnglandwithmusiciansandotherstreetperformersofvaryingtalentlevels. Legislation[edit] Seealso:Busking(U.S.caselaw) ThefirstrecordedinstancesoflawsaffectingbuskerswereinancientRomein462BC.TheLawoftheTwelveTablesmadeitacrimetosingaboutormakeparodiesofthegovernmentoritsofficialsinpublicplaces;thepenaltywasdeath.[14][15]LouisthePious"excludedhistrionesandscurrae,whichincludedallentertainerswithoutnobleprotection,fromtheprivilegeofjustice".[16]In1530HenryVIIIorderedthelicensingofminstrelsandplayers,fortune-tellers,pardonersandfencers,aswellasbeggarswhocouldnotwork.Iftheydidnotobeytheycouldbewhippedontwoconsecutivedays.[17] IntheUnitedStatesunderconstitutionallawandmostEuropeancommonlaw,theprotectionofartisticfreespeechextendstobusking.IntheU.S.andmanycountries,thedesignatedplacesforfreespeechbehaviorarethepublicparks,streets,sidewalks,thoroughfaresandtownsquaresorplazas.Undercertaincircumstancesevenprivatepropertymaybeopentobuskers,particularlyifitisopentothegeneralpublicandbuskingdoesnotinterferewithitsfunctionandmanagementallowsitorotherformsoffreespeechbehaviorsorhasahistoryofdoingso.[18] Whilethereisnouniversalcodeofconductforbuskers,therearecommonlawpracticesthatbuskersmustconformto.Mostjurisdictionshavecorrespondingstatutorylaws.IntheUKbuskingregulationisnotuniversalwithmostlaws(ifthereareany)beinggovernedbylocalcouncils.[19]SometownsintheBritishIsleslimitthelicensesissuedtobagpipersbecauseofthevolumeanddifficultyoftheinstrument.[citationneeded]InGreatBritainplacesrequiringlicensesforbuskersmayalsorequireauditionsofanyoneapplyingforabuskinglicense.[citationneeded]OxfordCityCouncilhavedecidedtoenactapublicspacesprotectionorder.Somevenuesthatdonotregulatebuskingmaystillaskperformerstoabidebyvoluntaryrules.Someplacesrequireaspecialpermittouseelectronicallyamplifiedsoundandmayhavelimitsonthevolumeofsoundproduced.[20]Itiscommonlawthatbuskersorothersshouldnotimpedepedestriantrafficflow,blockorotherwiseobstructentrancesorexits,ordothingsthatendangerthepublic.Itiscommonlawthatanydisturbingornoisybehaviorsmaynotbeconductedaftercertainhoursinthenight.Thesecurfewlimitationsvaryfromjurisdictiontojurisdiction.Itiscommonlawthat"performingblue"(i.e.usingmaterialthatissexuallyexplicitoranyvulgarorobsceneremarksorgestures)isgenerallyprohibitedunlessperformingforanadults-onlyenvironmentsuchasinabarorpub. InLondon,buskingisprohibitedintheentireareaoftheCityofLondon.TheLondonUndergroundprovidesbuskingpermitsintubestations.MostLondonboroughsdonotlicensebusking,buttheyhaveoptionalpowers,undertheLondonLocalAuthoritiesAct2000,ifthereissufficientreasontodoso.Wherethesepowershavenotbeenadopted,councilscanrelyonotherlegislationincludingtheEnvironmentalProtectionAct1990todealwithnoisenuisancefrombuskersandtheHighwaysActtodealwithobstructions.CamdenCounciliscurrentlylookingintofurtheroptionstocontroltheproblemofnuisancebuskersandtheplayingofamplifiedmusictothedetrimentoflocalresidentsandbusinesses.[21] Buskersmayfindthemselvestargetedbythievesduetotheveryopenandpublicnatureoftheircraft.Buskersmayhavetheirearnings,instrumentsorpropsstolen.Oneparticulartechniquethatthievesuseagainstbuskersistopretendtomakeadonationwhileactuallytakingmoneyoutinstead,apracticeknownas"dipping"or"skimming".GeorgeBurnsdescribedhisdaysasayouthfulbuskerthisway:[22] Sometimesthecustomersthrewsomethinginthehats.Sometimestheytooksomethingoutofthehats.Sometimestheytookthehats. Notableperformers[edit] ColinHugginsplayingagrandpianoinWashingtonSquarePark,NewYorkCity Ed"TubaMan"McMichael(right)in2006 ArthurNakane,astreetperformerandformerone-manbandwhoperformsregularlyintheLittleTokyocommunityofLosAngeles BillyWaters,aLondonbuskerfromthe19thcentury 5SecondsofSummer,Australianpoprockband.Priortoachievinginternationalfame,thebandbuskedinRouseHillandotherpartsofSydney.[23] AbbytheSpoonLadyisaprofessionalspoonplayer,streetperformer,andbuskingadvocatewholivesinAsheville,NorthCarolina.[24] JosephineBakerstartedstreetdancingtomakemoneyandwasrecruitedfortheSt.LouisChorusvaudevilleshowattheageof15,whichstartedherdancingcareer. JoshuaBell,anotedclassicalviolinist,posedasabuskerintheL'EnfantPlazaMetrostationinWashington,D.C.atrushhourin2007,aspartofafeatureinTheWashingtonPost.Inthe45minutesthatBellplayed,onlysevenpeopleoutofoverathousandwhopassedbystoppedtowatch,andhetookinjustover$32.GeneWeingartenlaterwonaPulitzerPrizeforthestory.[25] CatfishtheBottlemanawell-knownbuskerfromSydney,Australia,soinspiredVanMcCannofCatfishandtheBottlementhathenamedhisbandafterhim.Hewatchedhimperformasachildandsaidthatitwashisfirstmemoryofmusic.[26] TracyChapmanbeganhercareerbuskinginHarvardSquareinCambridge,Massachusetts. MikeDoughty,formersingerforSoulCoughing,releasedBusking,whichcontains12tracksfroma2007buskingperformanceinthe14thStreetsubwaystationinNewYorkCity.[27] NewtonFaulknerhasbeenknowntobuskandvideofootageofhimbuskinghasbeenmadeavailableonYouTube,includingafullacousticcoverofQueen's"BohemianRhapsody". BenjaminFranklin,theAmericaninventorandstatesman,wasastreetperformer.Hecomposedsongs,poetryandproseaboutcurrenteventsandwentoutinpublicandperformedthem.Hewouldthensellprintedcopiesofthemtothepublic.Hewasdissuadedfrombuskingbyhisfatherwhoconvincedhimitwasnotworththestigmasthatsomepeopleattachtoit.Itwasthisexperiencethathelpedformhisbeliefsinfreespeech,whichhewroteaboutinhisjournals.[5] G4,theBritishpoperaquartet,performedasbuskersacrossLondonduringtheircollegedays.[28][29] ShannonHoon,formersingerforBlindMelon,wasknowntobuskallovertheU.S.[citationneeded] ColinHuggins,aclassicalpianistwhoperformsonaSteinwaygrandpianoinWashingtonSquareParkandotherparksinGreenwichVillage,NewYorkCity.[30] HenryJohnson(acrobat)(1806–1910),circusacrobatandstreetentertainerusingacrobatics,tightrope-walkingetc. KeytarBear,abuskerinBoston,Massachusetts,whowearsabearsuitandplaysakeytar. 'GuyLalibertéwasastreetperformerwhenhefoundedtheCirqueduSoleiltheatricalcompanyin1984.[31] LoreenaMcKennitt,developingapassionforCelticmusic,learnedtoplaytheCelticharpandbeganbuskingatvariousplaces,includingSt.LawrenceMarketinTorontoinordertoearnmoneytorecordherfirstalbum. EdwardMcMichaelwasacelebratedstreetmusicianknownasSeattle's"TubaMan",whobuskedoutsidethecity'svarioussportsandperformingartsvenues.In2008,hewaskilledbyattackerswhowereattemptingtorobhim. SterlingMageeandAdamGussow,AKASatanandAdam,werebuskingon125thStreetinHarlem,NewYorkCity,inthesummerof1987whenthemembersofU2,accompaniedbyafilmcrew,pausedtowatchthebluesduo.ThescenelaterappearedinthefilmRattleandHum.[32] GeorgeMichaelusedtobuskneartheLondonUnderground,performingsongssuchas'39byQueen.[33] PeterMulvey,thesinger-songwriter,recordedanentirealbumdownintheBostonsubway,wherehewasaregularbusker.Inmostcases,songswererecordedinoneortwotakes.[34] KristynaMylesMyleswontheBBCRadio5LiveBuskeroftheYearcompetitionin2005andhasgoneontosignarecordingcontractwithDecca.HerdebutalbumisdueforreleaseinSeptember2012. PaulOscher,afamousBluesmusicianandharpplayer,hasbuskedas"BrooklynSlim"ontheVeniceBoardwalktotryoutnewmaterial.Oscher,atwo-timeW.CHandyAwardwinner,wastheharpplayerforMuddyWatersandhisbandinthelate1960sandearly1970s.HecurrentlyperformsatbluesfestivalsintheU.S.andinternationally. DonPartridge,anEnglishsingerandsongwriter,knownasthe"kingofthebuskers".AchievedunexpectedcommercialsuccessintheUKandEuropeinthelate1960swiththesongs"Rosie","BlueEyes"and"BreakfastOnPluto". NataliaParuz,whocanbeseeninmoviessuchasDummyandheardonmanymoviesoundtracks,hasbeenplayingthemusicalsawintheNewYorkCitysubwaysince1994.[35] AliceTanRidley,buskedinNewYorkCitysubwaystationsfor30years;semi-finalistinAmerica'sGotTalent,motherofGaboureySidibe[36] RodrigoyGabriela,begantheircareerbybuskinginDublin,Ireland. PegLegSam,afamousharmonicaplayerfromSouthCarolina,preferredbuskingoverallotherforms/venues.Hismostrequestedsongwas"JohnHenry".[citationneeded] DanielSeaveyperformedinthestreetsofPortland,Oregon,andsubsequentlyjoinedboybandWhyDon'tWe. KetchSecor,whosegroupOldCrowMedicineShowstartedwithbuskingandremainscommittedtoit,hassaid:"People...haveshortattentionspans....Soifyoucanget'emtostop...ifyoucanget'emtolistenwithasong,thenyou'vegotyourselfakeeper."[37] ThePiccadillyRats,streetperformancegroupfromManchester,England TubaSkinny,streetbandinNewOrleans RodStewartbeganhangingaroundfolksingerWizzJonesandbusking,atLeicesterSquareandotherLondonspotsin1962.[38]Onseveraltripsoverthenext18months,JonesandStewarttooktheiracttoBrightonandthentoParis,sleepingunderbridgesovertheriverSeine,andthenfinallytoBarcelona.[38]FinallythisresultedinStewartbeingroundedupanddeportedfromSpainforvagrancyduring1963.[38][39] TashSultana,anAustraliansinger-songwriterandmulti-instrumentalistwhobuskedonthestreetsofMelbourne.[40] SungBeats,abeatboxloopartistwontheAmateurNightattheApollocompetitionin2014. DamoSuzuki,thesingerofthebandCan,wasfoundbybandmembersCzukayandLiebezeitbuskingoutsideaMunichcaféandwasaskedtoperformwiththebandthatsamenight. TonesandI,anAustralianindie-popsinger-songwriterandmusician. KTTunstall,apopularScottishsinger,hasbeenrecordedbuskinginGlasgow. NikTurner,formersaxophonistwithHawkwindandInnerCityUnit,continuestobuskregularlyinthestreetsofhisadoptedhometownCardigan. T.RexmembersMarcBolanandStevePeregrinTookfirstperformedasanacousticguitar/bongosduowhentheywentbuskingtogetherinHydeParkinsummer1967aftertheirelectricequipmenthadbeenconfiscatedbyTrackRecordsandtheirtwobandmateshadbothleft.Inthisacousticformat,theduowouldgoontoreleasethreealbums. Unipiper,aperformerinPortland,Oregon,isknownforplayingthebagpipesonaunicycle. ViolentFemmeswerediscoveredbyJamesHoneyman-Scott(ofThePretenders)on23August1981,whenthebandwasbuskingonastreetcornerinfrontoftheOrientalTheatre,theMilwaukeevenuethatThePretenderswouldbeplayinglaterthatnight.ChrissieHyndeinvitedthemtoplayabriefacousticsetaftertheopeningact. YamunabaiWaikar,decoratedIndianfolk–Lavani–Tamashaartistbuskedwithhermotherasachild.[41] BillyWaters,aone-leggedbuskerwhorosetoprominenceinLondonduringthenineteenthcentury. HayleyWestenraatonetimebuskedonthestreetsofChristchurch,NewZealand.[42] Gallery[edit] Germanstreetperformersplayforpedestriansin1948 ClassicalfiddlerinArles,France AstreetperformancetrioontheirpitchoutsidePragueCastle MotherandsonbuskinginLhasa,Tibet,1993 AcrobatjumpingovervolunteersinWashington,D.C. ViolinistinSuttonHighStreet,Sutton,London StreetperformerusingafiredevilstickinSãoPaulo,Brazil StreetdrummerperformingoutsidePioneerPlaceinPortland,Oregon Streetmusicianplayingcongas,AnnArbor,Michigan Seealso[edit] Theaterportal BuskingDay Category:Buskingvenues Listofcircusskills Listofbuskinglocations MusicUnderNewYork Skomorokh Streetartist Streetpainting Streettheatre References[edit] ^"Busker"Merriam-WebsterDictionary.Quote:"chieflyBritish" ^"Busker"CambridgeDictionary.Quote:"mainlyUK" ^"busker"Archived27September2007attheWaybackMachineDefinitionfromtheMerriam-WebsterOnlineDictionary ^"buscar",DiccionariodelaLenguaEspañola(inSpanish)(23rd ed.),RealAcademiaEspañola ^abBaird,Stephen(2000)."TheHistoryandCulturalImpactofStreetPerforminginAmerica:BenFranklin".StreetPerformersandBuskersAdvocates.Retrieved2010-06-10. ^"mariachi"DefinitionfromtheMerriam-WebsterOnlineDictionary ^Ferris,Jedd(25September2008)."CatchingUpWith...OldCrowMedicineShow".Paste.Retrieved28September2012. ^InternationalCouncilforTraditionalMusic,ReportfromtheInternationalMeetingoftheInternationalCouncilforTraditionalMusic'sStudyGrouponFolkMusicalInstruments,Volume11,Musikmuseet,1992,p.54 ^EvaBonitatibus."L'arpaperduta-L'identitàdeimusicantigirovaghi"(PDF)(inItalianandEnglish).consiglio.basilicata.it.Retrieved22June2016. ^Somerville,Chris(1997)WhoisMrPunchpunchandjudy.com.ChrisSomerville.Retrieved2010-06-14. ^Tanenbaum,Susie,J.(1995).UndergroundHarmonies:MusicandPoliticsintheSubwaysofNewYork.Googlebooks;CornellUniversityPress.ISBN 0-8014-8222-4 ^Startz,Dick(25May2005)."Whatthistownneedsisalittlestreetmusic".uwnews.org.UniversityofWashingtonNewsandInformation.Archivedfromtheoriginalon4April2008. ^MTA:ArtsforTransit:MusicUnderNewYork.mta.info;MetropolitanTransportationAuthority,NewYork.Retrieved2016-07-15. ^(CohenandGreenwood1981:14)Smith,Murray(1996).Traditions,Stereotypes,andTactics::AHistoryofMusicalBuskersinToronto.cjtm.icaap.org;CanadianJournalforTraditionalMusic.Retrieved2010-06-10. ^ Blue,Niceol(27June2006).AHistoryofBuskingArchived15June2006attheWaybackMachinePikeMarketPerformer'sGuild.Retrieved2010-06-11. ^(Krickeberg1983 :24).Smith,Murray(1996).Traditions,Stereotypes,andTactics::AHistoryofMusicalBuskersinToronto.cjtm.icaap.org;CanadianJournalforTraditionalMusic.Retrieved2010-06-10. ^(Krickeberg1983 :62.Smith,Murray(1996).Traditions,Stereotypes,andTactics::AHistoryofMusicalBuskersinToronto.cjtm.icaap.org;CanadianJournalforTraditionalMusic.Retrieved2010-06-10. ^Bergerv.Seattle,C03-3238JLR(PDF).Decision,U.S.DistrictCourt,WesternDistrictofWAatSeattle,22April2004.Retrieved2010-06-11. ^Why,Who(July2014)."Who,what,why:WhereisthehardestplaceintheUKtobeabusker?".BBCNews.Retrieved9October2014. ^"StreetPerformancesinNewYork".411newyork.org.16July2007.Retrieved19July2012. ^Appleton,Natalie(7February2010)."TheBigBusk:LondonBuskingExplained".TheLondonInsider.Archivedfromtheoriginalon13February2010.Retrieved15June2010. ^ TheUltimateCigarAficionado:Ninety-eight-year-oldGeorgeBurnsSharesMemoriesofHisLifeArchived7March2010attheWaybackMachine,articleandinterviewbyCigarAficionadoOnline ^Murray,Oliver(1August2014)."Videosurfacesofband'shumblebeginnings".DailyTelegraph.Retrieved26August2020. ^"LivingPortraitseries:TheSpoonLady".CitizenTimes.Retrieved25January2017. ^weingarten,Gene(April8,2008)"PearlsBeforeBreakfast:Canoneofthenation'sgreatmusicianscutthroughthefogofaD.C.rushhour?Let'sfindout"TheWashingtonPost ^"CatfishandtheBottlemanrevealtouchingAussiestorybehindtheirbandname".abc.net.au.Retrieved3July2015. ^"Archivedcopy".Archivedfromtheoriginalon14May2011.Retrieved26November2009.{{citeweb}}:CS1maint:archivedcopyastitle(link) ^"ClassicalgroupG4announcesplit".6April2007.Retrieved12September2016–viabbc.co.uk. ^metrowebukmetro(24February2008)."XFactorstartopsclassicalcharts".Retrieved12September2016. 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Externallinks[edit] WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoBuskingandStreetmusic. LookupbuskerinWiktionary,thefreedictionary. Organisations WorldStreetMusic–internationalprojectaboutstreetmusicians BuskerCentralCalendarofworldwidebuskingevents NationalAssociationofStreetArtistsUK StreetArts PhotographsofbuskersaroundtheworldbyTudorApMadoc TheBuskingProject,celebratingandsupportingbuskersacrosstheworld. Press "StrivingtomakemusicundertheNYCstreets".DanielStrieffandJonSweeney.24August2004.MSNBC. "Whattheailingrecordindustrycanlearnfromasuccessfulsubwaymusician".NicholasThompson.December2003.WashingtonMonthly. "TheRealPianoMan"StevenKurutz,30August2008.TheNewYorkTimes. Other McKay,George(2007)."'Asoundtracktotheinsurrection':streetmusic,marchingbandsandpopularprotest".Parallax.13(1):20–31.doi:10.1080/13534640601094817.S2CID 143754205. Bennett,Elizabeth,andMcKay,George.2019.FromBrassBandstoBuskers:StreetMusicintheUK.Norwich:AHRC/UEA.DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.18521.98408 Authoritycontrol:Nationallibraries France(data) Israel UnitedStates Japan Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Street_performance&oldid=1092829605" Categories:StreetperformanceBuskersBuskingvenuesInformaloccupationsOccupationsinmusicPerformanceartTheatreComedyMusicperformanceMagic(illusion)Hiddencategories:WebarchivetemplatewaybacklinksCS1Spanish-languagesources(es)CS1Italian-languagesources(it)CS1maint:archivedcopyastitleArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionisdifferentfromWikidataUsedmydatesfromJune2014AllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromJanuary2020ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromDecember2021ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromDecember2014ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromSeptember2010ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromAugust2011ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromJune2013PagesusingdivcolwithsmallparameterArticleswithBNFidentifiersArticleswithJ9UidentifiersArticleswithLCCNidentifiersArticleswithNDLidentifiersArticlescontainingvideoclips Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages العربيةবাংলাБългарскиCatalàČeštinaEspañolEsperantoفارسیFrançais한국어עבריתМакедонски日本語PolskiSuomiSvenskaไทยTürkçeTiếngViệt粵語中文 Editlinks