Scarlet Fever 猩紅熱(英文) - China Medical University Hospital

Scarlet Fever 猩紅熱(英文) · Definition. Scarlet fever is an exotoxin-mediated disease arising from group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. · Diagnosis. HygieneEducation HealthEducation Home HygieneEducation ScarletFever猩紅熱(英文) HygieneEducation HealthEducation ScarletFever猩紅熱(英文) 文章分享 Home 分享至FaceBook 分享至Line Qrcode 列印 下載 A- A+ ScarletFever猩紅熱(英文) 2021/8/11 Definition Scarletfeverisanexotoxin-mediateddiseasearisingfromgroupAbeta-hemolyticstreptococcalinfection.Transmissionusuallyoccursviaairbornerespiratoryparticlesthatcanbespreadfrominfectedpatientsandasymptomaticcarriers.Peakincidenceofscarletfeveroccursinchildrenaged3-10yearsoldanditrarelyhappenstochildrenyoungerthan1yearbecauseofthepresenceofmaternalanti-exotoxinantibodiesandlackofpriorsensitization.Malesandfemalesareaffectedequally.ItoccursmostlyduringwintertospringbutitcouldbeseenfourseasonsinTaiwan.   Etiology ScarletfevercausedbyinfectionofgroupAbeta-hemolyticstreptococci(GABHS). ClinicalManifestations Scarletfevergenerallyhasa1-to4-dayofincubationperiod. Emergenceoftheillnesstendstobeabruptandusuallyheraldedbysuddenonsetoffeverassociatedwithsorethroat,headache,nausea,vomiting,abdominalpain,myalgia,andmalaise. Rashappears12-48hoursafteronsetoffever.Typically,therashesarebeginsassmall,red,andflat,whichgraduallybecomesandpaper-like.Theremaybeapaleareaaroundthemouth,andredstreaksaroundaxillae,elbows,andgroins,whichcalledPastia’slines.Therashesusuallyfadesinabout7days,andtheskinmaybegintopeel. Withtheuntreatedpatient,feverpeaksbytheseconddayoftemperatureashighas103-104degreeFahrenheitandgraduallyreturnstonormalin5-7days. Feverabateswithin12-24hoursafterinitiationofantibiotictherapy. Diagnosis Scarletfeverisusuallydiagnosedbythetypicalsymptomsandsigns.Yourdoctormayordersomebloodtestincludingcompletebloodcount,C-reactiveproteinlevel,antistreptolysisOtiter,andbloodculture.Yourdoctormaydoathroatculturebecausethestreptococcicanusuallybedemonstratedinthroatculture. Treatment Penicillinisusedtopreventcomplicationslikerheumaticfeveranditisa10daystreatmentcourse;forpatientsallergictopenicillin,clindamycinanderythromycinaresuccessfulthoughitishighlyresistantinTaiwan.Patientsshouldnolongerbeinfectiousaftertakingantibioticsfor24hours. Complications Complicationfromscarletfevermayinclude: Rheumaticfever(inflammatorydiseasethataffectheart,softtissue,andbrain) Post-streptococcalglomerulonephritis(inflammationofkidneys) Infectionsofothersystemincludingear,skin,throat,lung(pneumonia),brain(meningiti),joint,orblood(septisemia). Mostofthesecomplicationscanbepreventedbytreatmentwithantibioticsexceptpost-streptococcalglomerulonephritis. Prognosis TheprognosisofappropriatelytreatedGABHSinfectionisexcellentandmostpatientshavecompleterecovery.Nowadays,severecomplicationsareveryrareindevelopedcountry.Whenantibiotictherapyisprovidedwithin9daysofdiseaseonset,rheumaticfeverispreventable.However,thereisnoevidencethatpost-streptococcalglomerulonephritiscanbepreventedwhilethepatientisinfectedbynephritogenicstrainofGABHS. 若有任何疑問，請不吝與我們聯絡 電話：(04)22052121分機2128/2132/2135 HE-50053-E 中國醫藥大學附設醫院暨體系院所 回上頁 Qrcode × }