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Toxic shock syndrome - NHS

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treat wounds and burns quickly and get medical advice if you notice signs of an infection, such as swelling, redness and increasing pain · always use a tampon ... Skiptomaincontent Home HealthAtoZ BacktoHealthAtoZ Toxicshocksyndrome Toxicshocksyndrome(TSS)isararebutlife-threateningconditioncausedbybacteriagettingintothebodyandreleasingharmfultoxins.It'softenassociatedwithtamponuseinyoungwomen,butitcanaffectanyoneofanyage –includingmenandchildren.TSSgetsworseveryquicklyandcanbefatalifnottreatedpromptly.Butifit'sdiagnosedandtreatedearly,mostpeoplemakeafullrecovery. Symptoms oftoxicshocksyndromeThesymptomsoftoxicshocksyndrome(TSS)startsuddenlyandget worsequickly.Theyinclude:ahightemperatureflu-likesymptoms,suchasaheadache,feelingcold,feelingtiredorexhausted,anachingbody,a sorethroatanda coughfeelingandbeingsickdiarrhoeaa widespreadsunburn-likerashlips,tongueandthewhitesoftheeyesturningabrightreddizziness or faintingdifficultybreathingconfusionSometimesyoumayalsohaveawoundonyourskinwherethebacteriagotintoyourbody,butitmaynotlookinfected. Important: Coronavirus(COVID-19) Atthemomentitcanbehardtoknowwhattodoifyouoryourchildisunwell. It'simportanttotrustyourinstinctsandgetmedicalhelpifyouneedit. When togetmedicaladviceToxicshocksyndrome(TSS)isamedicalemergency.Whilethesesymptomscouldbeduetoadifferentcondition,it'simportanttocontactyourGP,alocalout-of-hoursservice,or NHS111assoonaspossibleifyouhaveacombinationofthesesymptoms.It'sveryunlikelythatyouhaveTSS,butthesesymptomsshouldnotbeignored.Goto yournearestA&Edepartmentorcall999andaskforanambulanceimmediatelyifyouhaveseveresymptomsortheyarerapidlygettingworse.Ifyou'rewearingatampon,removeitstraightaway.Alsotellyourdoctorifyou'vebeenusingatampon,recentlyhadaburnorskininjury,orifyouhaveaskininfectionsuchasa boil.IfadoctorsuspectsyouhaveTSS,you'llbereferredtohospitalimmediately. Treatment fortoxicshocksyndromeIfyouhavetoxicshocksyndrome(TSS),you'llbeadmittedtohospitalandmayneedtobetreatedinanintensivecareunit.Treatment forTSSmayinvolve:antibioticstotreattheinfectioninsomecases,purifiedantibodiesthathavebeentakenoutofdonatedblood,knownaspooledimmunoglobulin,mayalsobegiventohelpyourbodyfighttheinfectionoxygen tohelpwithbreathingfluidstopreventdehydrationandorgandamagemedicinetohelpcontrolbloodpressuredialysisifyourkidneysstopfunctioninginseverecases,surgerymaybeneededtoremovedeadtissue.Rarely,itmaybenecessarytoamputate theaffectedareaMostpeoplewillstarttofeelbetterwithinafewdays,butit may takeseveralweeksbeforeyou'rewellenoughtoleavehospital. Causes oftoxicshocksyndromeToxicshocksyndrome(TSS)is causedbyeitherstaphylococcusorstreptococcusbacteria.These bacterianormallyliveontheskinandinthenoseormouthwithoutcausingharm,butiftheygetdeeperintothebodytheycanreleasetoxinsthatdamagetissueandstoporgansworking.Thesethingscanincrease yourriskofgettingTSS:usingtampons –particularly ifyouleavetheminforlongerthanrecommendedoryouuse "super-absorbent"tamponsusingfemalebarriercontraceptives,suchasacontraceptivediaphragmorcapaproblemwithyourskin,suchasacut,burn,boil, insectbite or awoundaftersurgerychildbirthusingnasalpackingtotreatanosebleedhavingastaphylococcalinfectionorstreptococcalinfection,suchasathroatinfection, impetigoor cellulitisTSSisnotspreadfrompersontoperson.Youdonotdevelopimmunitytoitonceyou'vehadit,soyoucangetitmorethanonce. Preventing toxicshocksyndromeThefollowingthingscanreduceyourriskoftoxicshocksyndrome(TSS):treatwoundsandburnsquicklyandgetmedicaladviceifyounoticesignsofaninfection,suchasswelling,rednessandincreasingpainalwaysuseatamponwiththelowestabsorbencysuitableforyourperiodalternatebetweentamponsandasanitarytowelorpantylinerduringyourperiodwashyourhandsbeforeandafterinsertingatamponchangetamponsregularly–asoftenasdirectedonthepack(usuallyatleastevery4to8hours)neverhavemorethanonetamponinyourvaginaatatimewhenusingatamponatnight,insertafreshtamponbeforegoingtobedandremoveitwhenyouwakeupremoveatamponattheendof yourperiodwhen using femalebarriercontraception,followthemanufacturer'sinstructionsabouthowlongyoucanleaveitinIt'sagoodideatoavoidusingtamponsor femalebarriercontraceptionifyou'vehadTSSbefore. Pagelastreviewed:27September2019 Nextreviewdue:27September2022

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