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Sjögren's syndrome - NHS

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Sjögren's (pronounced show-grins) syndrome is a condition that affects parts of the body that produce fluids, like tears and spit (saliva). Skiptomaincontent Home HealthAtoZ Backto HealthAtoZ Overview - Sjögren'ssyndrome Contents Overview Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Complications Sjögren's(pronouncedshow-grins)syndromeisaconditionthataffectspartsofthebodythatproducefluids,liketearsandspit(saliva).Itusuallystartsinpeopleaged40to60andismuchmorecommoninwomenthanmen.It's along-termconditionthatcanaffectyourdailylife,buttherearetreatmentstohelprelievethesymptoms. Symptoms ofSjögren'ssyndrome ThesymptomsofSjögren'ssyndromeinclude:dryeyesa drymouthdryskintirednessvaginaldrynessmuscleor jointpainswellingbetweenthejawandears(swollensalivaryglands)rashes(especiallyafterbeinginthesun) When toseeaGP SeeaGPifyouhavesymptomsofSjögren'ssyndromethatdonotgoawayorarebotheringyou.Thereare many thingsthatcancausesimilarsymptoms.TheGPcancheckforsomeofthemorecommoncauses,suchasswellingoftheeyelids(blepharitis), diabetesorsideeffectsfrommedicine.Ifneeded, theycanreferyoutoaspecialistforfurthertests,suchas:bloodtestsaneye examinationalip biopsy –wherea tinypieceoftissuefrominsideyourlipisremovedandexaminedunderamicroscopeFindoutmoreaboutthetestsfor Sjögren'ssyndrome. ThingsyoucandoifyouhaveSjögren'ssyndrome TohelprelievethesymptomsofSjögren'ssyndrome:avoiddry,smokyorwindyplacesavoidreading,watchingTVorlookingatscreensforalongtimemakesureyoumaintaingoodoralhygienedonotsmokeordrinkalcohol Treatments forSjögren'ssyndrome There'scurrentlynocureforSjögren'ssyndrome,butthereareseveraltreatmentsthatcanhelp,suchas:eyedropsthatkeepyoureyeswet(artificialtears)sprays,lozenges(medicatedsweets)andgelsthatkeepyourmouthwet(salivasubstitutes)medicinethathelpsyourbodyproducemoretearsandsaliva Causes ofSjögren'ssyndrome Sjögren'ssyndromeiscausedbytheimmunesystem(thebody'sdefenceagainstinfection),damaginghealthypartsofthebody.Thisisknownasanautoimmunecondition.Theconditionusuallyaffectsareasofthebodythatproducefluids,suchastearsandsaliva. Butotherpartsofthebody,suchasnervesandjoints,canalsobeaffected.It'snotclearwhytheimmunesystemstopsworkingproperly.Itmaybelinkedto:genetics – somepeoplemaybe bornwithgenesthatmakethemmore likelytogetanautoimmuneconditionhormones –thefemalehormoneoestrogenmayplayapart,astheconditionismuchmorecommoninwomenthanmenSometimes,peoplewithSjögren'ssyndromealsohaveotherautoimmuneconditions,suchasrheumatoidarthritisorlupus.ThisisknownassecondarySjögren'ssyndrome.PrimarySjögren'ssyndromeiswhereyoudonothaveanyotherrelatedconditions. Living with Sjögren'ssyndrome Sjögren'ssyndromeisalong-termconditionthatdoesnotusuallygetbetteronitsown,althoughthesymptomscanoften betreated.Forsomepeopleitmayjustbeabitofanuisance,whileforothersitcanhaveabigimpactontheirdailylife.Somepeople maydevelop complicationsofSjögren'ssyndrome,suchasproblemswiththeirvisionorlungs.There'salsoaslightlyincreasedriskofatypeofcancercallednon-Hodgkinlymphoma.Ifyou'rediagnosedwithSjögren'ssyndrome,ask yourdoctoraboutwhatyoucanexpect.Youmayalsofinditusefultocontactorganisationssuchasthe BritishSjögren'sSyndromeAssociation(BSSA)foradviceandsupport. Pagelastreviewed:21April2020 Nextreviewdue:21April2023 Next : Symptoms

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