Ice pack - Wikipedia

An instant cold pack is a device that consists of two bags; one containing water, inside a bag containing ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate or urea. Icepack FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Filledbagdesignedtobefrozen Thisarticleisaboutasacfilledwithacoolant.Forseaice,suchastheArcticicepack,seedriftice. "Coldpack"redirectshere.Forthecheese,seeColdpackcheese. LookupicepackinWiktionary,thefreedictionary. Anicepack Anicepackwithgelleakingoutofaholeintheupperleftcorner Shipmentofvaccineininsulatedboxwithgelpacks Anicepackorgelpackisaportableplasticbagfilledwithwater,refrigerantgel,orliquid.Tobepreparedforuse,thepackisfirstplacedinafreezer.Bothiceandothernon-toxicrefrigerants(mostlywater)canabsorbaconsiderableamountofheatbeforetheywarmabove0 °C(32 °F)usedtokeepfoodcoolinportablecoolers,orasacoldcompresstoalleviatethepainofminorinjuries,orininsulatedshippingcontainerstokeepproductscoolduringtransport.[1] Icepacksareusedincoolerstokeepperishablefoods(especiallymeats,dairyproducts,eggs,etc.)belowthe5–75 °C(41–167 °F)dangerzonewhenoutsidearefrigeratororfreezer,andtokeepdrinkspleasantlycool.Theamountoficeneededvarieswiththeamountoffood,itsinitialtemperature,thethermalinsulationofthecooler,andtheambienttemperatureandexposuretodirectsunlight.Iceinitiallywellbelowfreezingtemperaturewilllastalittlelonger. Waterhasamuchhigherlatentheatoffusionthanmostsubstances,andameltingtemperaturewhichisconvenientandeasilyattainedwith,forexample,ahouseholdfreezer.Additivestoimprovethepropertiesofwaterareoftenused.Forexample,substancescanbeaddedtopreventbacterialgrowthinthepack,ortopreventthewaterfromsolidifyingsoitremainsathickgelthroughoutuse. Gelpacksareoftenmadeofnon-toxicmaterialsthatwillremainaslow-flowinggel,andthereforewillnotspilleasilyorcausecontaminationifthecontainerbreaks.Gelpacksmaybemadebyaddinghydroxyethylcellulose,[2]sodiumpolyacrylate,orvinyl-coatedsilicagel. Contents 1Instanticepacks 2Hot-or-coldpacks 3Safetyconcerns 4Seealso 5References Instanticepacks[edit] Aninstantcoldpackisadevicethatconsistsoftwobags;onecontainingwater,insideabagcontainingammoniumnitrate,calciumammoniumnitrateorurea.Whentheinnerbagofwaterisbrokenbysqueezingthepackage,itdissolvesthesolidinanendothermicprocess.Thisprocessabsorbsheatfromthesurroundings,quicklyloweringthepack'stemperature.[3] Instantcoldpacksareaconvenientdirectreplacementforcrushediceusedasfirstaidonsportinjuries,andcanbecarriedasfirstaidtoremoteorwildernessareaswhereiceisunavailableornotappropriateforthesituation. Hot-or-coldpacks[edit] Unlikeinstantcoldpacks,thatarestoredatroomtemperatureandquicklychillthemselveswhenneededforone-timeuse,reusablehotcoldpacksaremerelyamaterialthatholdsitstemperaturewell,sotheyarestoredinafreezerorheatedinwateroramicrowaveoventoreachthedesiredtemperature.Thefirsthotandcoldpackwasintroducedin1948withthenameHot-R-Cold-Pakandcouldbechilledinarefrigeratororheatedinhotwater.[4]Thefirstreusablehotcoldpackthatcouldbeheatedinboilingwateroramicrowaveovenwasfirstpatented[5]in1973. Safetyconcerns[edit] Gelpackshavebeenmadewithdiethyleneglycolandethyleneglycol.Bothcancauseillnessifingestedinlargeamounts,[6]makingthemunsuitableforusewithfood.TheUSConsumerProductSafetyCommissionrecalledsuchpacks.[6] Seealso[edit] WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoIcepacks. Cryotherapy Hotpack Handwarmer Hilotherapy Phase-changematerial Enthalpyoffusion References[edit] ^Singh,SP;Burgess,Singh(2008)."PerformanceComparisonofThermalInsulatedPackagingBoxes,BagsandRefrigerantsforSingle-parcelShipments".PackagingTechnologyandScience.21:25–35.doi:10.1002/pts.773.Retrieved9Oct2018. ^"Versa-Pac™ReusableHeavyDutyColdPack"(PDF).Unipatch:MaterialSafetyDataSheet.Tyco.February2004.Archivedfromtheoriginal(PDF)onDecember30,2006.Retrieved2009-06-01. ^MarshallBrain(29November2006)."ColdPacks".HowRefrigeratorsWork.Howstuffworks.com. ^"ToWarmorCoolYou."PopularScience,August1948,p.138. ^NortechLabsHistory-PatentofReusableHotColdPack,Dec.25,1973,PatentNo.3,780,537[NortechLabsHistory|http://www.nortechlabs.com/nortech-history.html] ^ab"CaliforniaInnovationsExpandsRecallofFreezerGelPacksDuetoIngestionHazard".CPSC.gov.Retrieved2014-08-06. Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ice_pack&oldid=1034709247" Categories:MedicaltreatmentsCoolingtechnologyFoodpreservationMedicalequipmentCryotherapyPackagingHiddencategories:ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionmatchesWikidataCommonscategorylinkisonWikidata Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk Variants expanded collapsed Views ReadEditViewhistory More expanded collapsed Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages العربيةDeutschEspañolFrançais한국어עבריתJawaNederlands日本語РусскийУкраїнськаTiếngViệt中文 Editlinks