Different Departments in Garment Industry and Their Functions

We will discus of the different departments or sections in an apparel industry are given below: · Merchandising: · Sampling department: · Fabric ... Skiptocontent BreakingNews:FloridaStateUniversityhaslistedTextileLearnerasaresearchguidefortheirstudents Menu Home About Contact GuestPost/Advertisement PrivacyPolicy TermsandConditions Disclaimer Menu Introduction: Beforegoingintothedetailsofthegarmentindustryweshouldknowwhatisgarment,isn’tit?Anyobjectwhichcanbeusedtowearistermedasgarment/apparel/clothing.Suchasshirt,pant,sweateretc.Garmentcanalsobeusedtoachieveaspecificfunction,forexamplefireresistanceorcutresistance,etc.Garmentsareapartofapparel,whereasapparelisabroadterminology.Forinstance,shoesandhatsarealsoincludedinapparel. Apparelengineeringisabroadbasedsubjectbecauseitcombinesanumberofindividualtechnologies,witheachmakingaspecializedcontributiontotheproductionofgarment.Thegarmentindustryisverydiverseinnatureandalongwithtextileindustries,itformsacomplexcombinationofperformingheterogeneousfunctionsoftransformingfiberintoyarnandthentofabric.Besides,garmentindustryisoneoftheoldestandlargestindustryprovidingampleemploymentopportunitiesanditexemplifiesthegrowthinglobalmanufacturing.Thisindustryisveryversatileinnatureandofferstheworldwithachoiceofgarmentsrangingfrommassmarkettohighendfashion.Thisindustryfollowsacombinationoffunctionalandlinetypeoforganization. Garmentmanufacturingprocessincludesnumberofprocessesfromorderreceivingtodispatchingshipmentofthefinishedgarments.Apparelmanufacturingflowcharthelpsunderstandagarmentmanufacturingmethodthathowtherawmaterialsareconvertedintothewearablegarments.Themaintaskforagarmentmanufactureristoproduceshellstructuresoutofflatfabricstomatchtheshapeofhumanbody.Theoverallflowchartofthegarmentmanufacturingprocessisillustratedinfigure-1. Figure1:Garmentmanufacturingprocessflowchart Garmentindustryisthefinalstageoftextilemanufacturingwhereclothiscutintodifferentpartsandsewstomakevarioustypesofapparel.Alltheprocessofgarmentmanufacturingaredoneindifferentsectionsingarmentindustry.InthisarticleIwilldiscussdifferentdepartmentsingarmentmanufacturingindustry. DifferentDepartmentsinGarmentIndustry: Clothingorapparelindustryconsistsofdifferentdepartments.Everydepartmentisresponsibleforbetterproduction.Thevariousdepartmentsworkingflowchartaregiveninfigure-2: Figure2:DifferentDepartmentsinGarmentIndustry Wewilldiscusofthedifferentdepartmentsorsectionsinanapparelindustryaregivenbelow: Merchandising Samplingdepartment Fabricsourcing Purchasingdepartment Fabricinspectiondepartment Accessorystoresdepartment Planningdepartment Laboratorydepartment Machinemaintenance CADsection Cuttingsection Productiondepartment Industrialengineeringsection(IE) Embroiderydepartment Fabricwashingsection Qualityassurancedepartment Finishingdepartment FunctionoftheDifferentDepartmentsinGarmentIndustry: Functionsandactivitiesoftheallsectionsanddepartmentsofgarmentmanufacturingindustryaredescribedbriefly: Figure3:Garmentindustry Merchandising: Itisavitalprocessthatinvolvesplanning,developing,executinganddispatchingtheorder(product)tothebuyer.Themerchandisingprocesscomprisesguidingandsupervisingforthesuccessfulprocessingofanorder.Thetypesofmerchandisingdoneinagarmentunitaremarketingmerchandisingandproductmerchandising. Themainobjectiveofmarketingmerchandisingisdevelopmentofproduct,costingandordering,andithasdirectcontactwiththebuyer.Productmerchandisingiscarriedoutintherespectiveapparelunitandinvolvesalltheresponsibilitiesstartingfromsourcingtofinishing. Samplingdepartment: Thesamplingdepartmentcoordinateswiththemerchandisingandproductiondepartment.Itiscarriedouttoforeseefinishedproductappearanceandfitwhenproducedinbulkandtoconfirmwhetherthereareanyinconsistenciesinthepatternaccordingtothebuyer’sspecification.Italsoaidstodeterminethefabricconsumptionalongwiththatofthreadandotheraccessoriesused. Fabricsourcing: Fabricsourcingismainlyengagedindecidingwhereandhowthefabricshavetobeprocured.Itworksinconjunctionwiththemerchandisingdepartmentandlooksafterthedeliveryoftherequiredgarmentswithinthescheduledtimeandcost. Purchasingdepartment: Themaindifferencebetweenthesourcingandpurchasingdepartmentisthatthesourcingsectionworksforsourcingthefabricsalonewhereasthenatureoftheworkofthepurchasingdepartmentcomprisessourcingofaccessoriesandtrimsaswell. Fabricinspectiondepartment: Themainaimsoffabricinspectionteamare- Identificationandanalysisoffabricdefectsusingvariousstandardmethods. SelectionoffabricaccordingtoAQL(acceptedqualitylevel)1.5. Accessorystoresdepartment: Thereceiptoftherawmaterialsortheaccessoriesisnormallycompletedintermsofdocumentsthatarereceivedfromthemerchants. Productionplanningdepartment: Uponreceiptoftheordersfromthemerchants,pre-productionmeetingswiththedepartmentshavetobedone.Afterthat,theproductiondepartmentwillassignthestyletothespecificlinethathasthecapacitytocompleteitontime.Theplanningsectionthencarriesouttheestimationandplanningoforderquantity,plancutdate(PCD),breakupoforder,operationbreakdown,etc.basedontheparticularunit. Laboratorydepartment: Thelaboratoryortestingcenterintheindustryshouldbeequippedwithalltheessentialinstrumentsthataremandatoryforthetestingoffabricandaccessories.Ifthefacilityforspecifictestsmentionedbythebuyerisnotavailableintheindustry,itshouldbesenttoexternallaboratoriesthatareauthorizedbythebuyers. Machinemaintenance: Undesirablequalityofgarmentsmostlyresultsfromill-maintainedmachines.Breakdownandpreventivemaintenanceismainlyaimedtowardreducingthedowntimeandincreasinglifetime,respectively. CADsection: Normally,large-scalegarmentindustrieshavetheirowndesigningdepartmentforvariousgarmentstyles.TheCADdepartmentisaccountableforthefollowingfunctions: Determiningcuttingaverageforcosting Makingthemostefficientcuttingmarker Developmentandalterationofpatterns Developmentofsizesetpatternbygrading Digitizingthepattern Cuttingsection: Thecuttingdepartmentnormallyreceivestheorderfromtheproductionmanagerwhohasapprovedthecuttingordertocutagivenquantityofgarmentstyles.Thecuttingordersheetcontainsthefollowinginformation: Samplingaverage,garmentweightandaveragesofothertrims Measurementsheet Designofthegarment Purchaseorder Fabricrequestsheet Markerplanning–lengthoflay,etc.,sizeratioandcolorsinwhichthepatternsaretobecut Productiondepartment: Theproductiondepartmentwillobtainthedetailslike Thegarmentstyle Numberofoperatorsrequired Thebatchforwhichthestylehastobeinstalled Targetforeachday Breakupoftheproductionquantity Afterreceiptofalloftheabovedetails,theproductiondepartmentsendsarequestfromthecuttingsectionforthecutparts.Afterassemblingofthecomponents,alinecheckhastobedonewheretheshadematchingandthemeasurementsarechecked. Industrialengineeringsection: Thisdepartmentiscomparativelynewadditioninapparelindustry.Itcoordinateswithseveraldepartmentssincethisdepartmentprovidestheentireplanofthegarmentmanufacturingandthethreadandtrimsconsumptioncriteria,operator’sskilllevelcategorizationandotherrelatedaspects. Embroiderydepartment: Itcomesintoplayonlywhentheparticulargarmentstyledemands.Itreceivesthegarmentpanel,styleandtheembroiderydetailsfromthemerchandisersandtheywillalsogetasampleofthegarmentonwhichtheembroideryhasbeenalreadydoneanditwillbeusedasareferencesample. Fabricwashingsection: Afterthecompletionofassemblingandinspectionprocess,thegarmentsaresenttothewashingdepartmentforthewashingorfinishingthatisrequiredfortheparticularstyleaccordingtothespecificationsheet. Qualityassurancedepartment: Tomaintainandcontrolthequality,thequalityassurancedepartmentdividestheworkintodifferentstagesofmanufacturing,whicharecategorizedintothreemajorgroupssuchaspreproductionunit,cuttingauditandsewingunit. Finishingdepartment: Thefinishingdepartmentisthelastsectioninthegarmentproductionpriortopackinganddispatchanditplaysasignificantroleinthefinalgarmentappearance.Itinvolvesthefollowingprocesses. Trimming:Itremovestheextrathreadsfromthegarmentatthestitchedareas. Inspection:TheinspectionisdoneaspertheAQL2.5systemandmainlydependsonthebuyerrequirements. Pressing:Thisiscarriedoutafterthegarmenthasbeeninspectedcompletelyandthegarmentsarepressedorfinishedbasedonthemethodoftheirfoldingduringpacking. Taggingsection:Afterthecompletionoffabricinspectionandpressing,theyaresentforlabelling,whichincludesthesizelabels,pricetagsandmiscellaneouslabelsifanyarementionedinthespecificationsheet. Packing:Thepackingisdoneinthecartonboxes.Individualpackingofgarmentsinthepolybagandfoldingthegarmentsandorganizingtheminthecartonboxeswithoutplacingtheminthepolybagarethetwotypesofpackingfollowedinthegarmentindustry. References: ApparelMachineryandEquipmentsbyR.RathinamoorthyandR.Surjit TextileEngineering–AnIntroductionEditedbyYasirNawab CarrandLatham’sTechnologyofClothingManufacture,4thEditionrevisedbyDavidJ.Tyler ApparelManufacturingTechnologybyT.Karthik,P.Ganesan,D.Gopalakrishnan GarmentManufacturingTechnologyEditedbyRajkishoreNayakandRajivPadhye TheApparelIndustrybyRichardM.Jones Cooklin’sGarmentTechnologyforFashionDesigners2ndEditionbySteveHayes,JohnMcLoughlinandDorothyFairclough Youmayalsolike: Module&ResponsibilityofIndustrialEngineeringDepartmentforApparelProduction MethodofPlanning,MonitoringandIncreasingProductivityinCuttingRoom HowtoImproveProductivityandSavingCostinSewingDepartment WorkingProcedureofFabricStoreDepartmentinGarmentIndustry FunctionsofQualityAssuranceDepartmentinGarmentIndustry JobResponsibilitiesofMerchandisingDepartmentinGarmentIndustry MazharulIslamKironFounder&EditorofTextileLearner.HeisaTextileConsultant,Blogger&Entrepreneur.Heisworkingasatextileconsultantinseverallocalandinternationalcompanies.HeisalsoacontributorofWikipedia. 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