Camera sensorCMOS image sensorImage sensorCamera pixel sizeCIS pixel sizeCMOS image sensor PDFCharge-coupled deviceCis pixel size trendCCD spatial resolutionCCD sensitivityBasic principles of image sensors - CCD chip size
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Although each manufacturer provides a sensor and pixel size slightly different, the nominal sizes of 640 x 480 matrix are given in table 2. BasicprinciplesofimagesensorsIntroductionHistoricalsummaryBasicglossaryImagesensorsIntroductionCCDmatricesCCDworkingMatrixarchitectureLinearmatricesFullframetransfermatricesFrametransferInterlinetransferProgressivescanTimedelayandintegrationCCDsensornoiseDarkcurrentBloomingQuantumefficiencyTransportandconversionofthechargeCCDchipsizeDefectsSizeandarchitectureCMOSsensorsNoisequantificationComparisonofCCDsandCMOSsUsesandprecautionsCasestudyReferencesCCDchipsize Historically,vacuumtubes“vidicon”usedforprofessionaltelevisionapplicationswerecharacterizedbythediameterofthetube.Inordertominimizethedistortionandthenonuniformitiesofthetube,therecommendedsizeoftheimagewasconsiderablysmallerthethediameterofthecompletetube.WhenCCDsreplacedthetubes,theCCDindustrymaintainedtheimagesizebutalsocontinuedtousethenomenclatureoftubes.(Table1). Table1:CCDmatricesizeforstandardformats [zoom...]Info Althougheachmanufacturerprovidesasensorandpixelsizeslightlydifferent,thenominalsizesof640x480matrixaregivenintable2.Thesepixelstendtobesquare.However,andinparticularforinterlinetransfersystems,approximatelyhalfofthepixelisdedicatedtotheverticalshieldedtransferregister.Itmeansthattheactivewidthofthedetectorishalfthewidthofthepixel.Thus,theactivesurfaceofapixelisrectangularwithinterlinetransfersystems.Forprofessionalsofvideo,thisasymmetrydoesnotcomeasasourceofsignificantdisruptionoftheimagequality.However,itisgoodtoknowthisfactinscientificapplicationsincludingtheuseofimagecorrelationorstereophotogrammetry. Thedecreaseinopticalformatislinkedtocost.ThepriceofCCDsisprincipallydeterminedbythemanufacturingcostofwafersofsemiconductors.Whenthesizeofthechipdecreases,itispossibletoplacemorematricesonasamewaferandthismakesthericeofeachindividualchipdecrease.Thetendencytoreducethesizeofthechipswillprobablycontinueaslongasopticalandelectricalperformancesofimagingsystemsdonotchange.However,smallerpixelsreducethesizeofthechargewell.Foragivenluminousfluxandaperture,thesmallestsensorswillhavealowersensitivity. Table2:Nominalsizeofthepixel,format640x480 [zoom...]Info Smallerchipsgeneratesmallercameras.However,inordertomaintaintheresolution,onlythepixelscanbesmall.Here,thecompromiseisrelativetothesizeofthepixel,tothefocaldistanceandtothetotalsizeofthechip. Thetable3showsthemostusedsensorsingeneralaudiencephotography. Table3:Nominalsizeofphotographicsensors [zoom...]Info AccueilNouvellepageInformationssurlecours(ouvrirdansunenouvellefenêtre)TransportandconversionofthechargeDefects
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- 1CIS - Digital - Camera Link / CCD - 相機- 睿怡科技股份有限公司
Sensor Size, 1/3 type CCD, 1/2 type CCD. Unit Cell Size, 7.40μm×7.40μm, 9.9μm×9.9μm. Effective Pi...
- 2Sensor and pixel sizes - Camera - Vision-Doctor
Pixel sizes of CCD or CMOS sensors ... As a consequence of the miniaturisation of sensors, the pi...
- 3Camera pixel size and photon collection - Andor Technology
Figure 2: Large pixel sizes are used in EMCCD and CCD cameras to gain advantage of the superior p...
- 4Basic principles of image sensors - CCD chip size
Although each manufacturer provides a sensor and pixel size slightly different, the nominal sizes...
- 5An Overview of CCD Spatial Resolution - Andor Technology
CCD arrays of over 1,000 x 1,000 sensors (1 Mega-pixel) are now commonplace in scientific cameras...
